One of the most common concerns I hear from parents is, “Doctor, my child has been coughing for weeks. What should I do?” Cough is one of the body’s natural ways to clear the airways, but when it becomes frequent, prolonged, or disturbing, it can understandably cause anxiety among parents.

Let me help you understand when a cough is normal, when it’s a cause for concern, and what you can do about it.

Types of Cough in Children

Not all coughs are the same. Understanding the nature of your child’s cough can give us clues about the underlying cause:

• Dry Cough – Often seen with allergies or viral infections.
• Wet or Productive Cough – Usually linked to infections like bronchitis or pneumonia.
• Night-time Cough – Common in asthma, post-nasal drip, or allergic rhinitis.
• Cough with Wheezing – Suggestive of asthma or airway hyper-reactivity.
• Cough after Eating – Could point to reflux or food-related allergies.

Common Causes of Cough in Children

1. Viral Infections – The most common cause. Cough may last up to 2-3 weeks.
2. Allergic Rhinitis or Dust Allergy – Repeated sneezing, itchy nose, and cough especially at night or early morning.
3. Asthma – Persistent cough, especially with wheezing or breathlessness.
4. Post-nasal Drip – After a cold or sinus infection.
5. Environmental Irritants – Exposure to cigarette smoke, strong perfumes, or pollution.
6. Gastroesophageal Reflux (GERD) – Acid reflux triggering cough, especially after meals or while lying down.

When Should Parents Worry About a Cough?

While occasional coughing is normal, here are signs that should prompt a visit to the pediatrician:

• Cough lasting more than 2 weeks
• No improvement with home remedies
• Cough affecting sleep or school performance
• Associated symptoms like fever, weight loss, breathing difficulty, chest pain
• Cough with vomiting or choking
• Recurrent episodes every few weeks

My Approach to Managing Cough in Children

I always start with a thorough history and clinical examination. Based on the pattern and duration of the cough, we may recommend:

• Allergy Testing – If we suspect allergic triggers
• Spirometry or Lung Function Test – To assess for asthma
• X-rays or Blood Tests – If infections or structural issues are suspected

At our clinics—Chirayu Multi-Specialty Clinic, we follow a minimal antibiotic policy. Overuse of antibiotics in children with viral or allergic coughs can do more harm than good. We focus on treating the root cause, not just the symptoms.

Parental Tips for Managing Cough at Home

• Keep your child well-hydrated
• Avoid exposure to smoke, dust, and strong smells
• Use a humidifier if the air is dry
• Elevate the head during sleep
• Avoid unnecessary cough syrups without medical advice

Final Thoughts

Cough in children is common but not always harmless. Early evaluation, especially in recurring or persistent cases, helps in identifying allergies, asthma, or other hidden causes. With proper diagnosis and treatment, most children respond very well.

If you’re worried about your child’s cough, don’t hesitate to consult a pediatrician. At our clinics, we offer comprehensive, child-friendly care for cough, allergies, and respiratory conditions.

Let’s work together to ensure your child breathes easy and stays healthy.