Not Just PCOS – Understanding Premature Ovarian Insufficiency (POI)

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If you're a young woman dealing with irregular periods, you've probably heard someone say, “It’s just PCOS.” It’s a phrase thrown around casually in clinics, gyms, even family gatherings. But what if it’s not PCOS? What if it’s something that’s been silently affecting your future chances of becoming a mother — and no one caught it in time?

This is a story I’ve seen too often in my clinic. A confident, healthy 28-year-old woman walks in. She’s been told she has PCOS because her periods are irregular. She’s not trying to get pregnant yet — just curious about her cycle. We run a few basic hormone tests, and suddenly the numbers tell a different story. Her egg reserve is dangerously low. Her hormones suggest she’s entering early menopause. This isn’t PCOS. It’s something called Premature Ovarian Insufficiency, or POI.

Now imagine how she feels. Shocked. Confused. Heartbroken. She never expected this — and no one warned her.That’s why this blog exists. Because POI is not as rare as we once thought. And because too many women are finding out too late.

So what is POI? Simply put, it’s when your ovaries — the small organs that release eggs and female hormones — start slowing down or shutting down long before they’re supposed to. This can happen in your 30s. Sometimes even in your 20s. You may still get your period, but behind the scenes, your body is running low on eggs. And once those eggs are gone, they can’t be brought back.

The worst part? Many women with POI are misdiagnosed for years. The symptoms often look like PCOS — irregular periods, maybe a little weight gain, mood swings. But in POI, your hormone levels are completely different. Your estrogen drops. Your FSH (a hormone that tries to stimulate your ovaries) shoots up. And your AMH — the marker of egg reserve — is often very low.

So why does this matter? Because if caught early, you still have time. You might be able to freeze your eggs. You might respond to fertility treatment. But once the egg reserve hits zero, even IVF won’t work without a donor.

I always tell my patients — knowledge is power. It’s not about scaring you. It’s about giving you the truth, so you can make the best decisions for your future. Whether you want to be a mother next year or five years from now, your body deserves the chance.

If your periods are irregular, please don’t just take supplements and wait. Ask your doctor to check your AMH, FSH, and LH levels. Get a scan. These tests are simple, but they can change everything.

And if you’ve been diagnosed with POI, I want you to know this: you are not broken. There is support. There are options. And motherhood — in whatever form it takes — is still possible.

You may not have chosen this path. But you are not alone on it.

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