A skin prick test identifies which specific allergens a child's immune system is reacting to by introducing tiny amounts of common allergens to the skin surface and observing for a localised reaction. Small drops of allergen extracts - including house dust mite, cockroach, pet dander, fungal spores, and local pollens - are placed on the forearm A small lancet is used to lightly prick the skin through each drop, introducing a tiny amount beneath the surface After 15 to 20 minutes, a positive reaction produces a small raised weal at the test site - the larger the weal, the more likely the child is sensitised to that allergen Results are interpreted alongside the clinical history, since a positive skin test alone does not always mean that allergen is causing the child's symptoms Skin prick testing is safe, quick, and well tolerated by children. It gives me the specific information needed to target avoidance advice and immunotherapy accurately rather than applying generic measures.
Written by Dr H K Kiran Kumar, MBBS, DCH (JSS Medical College, Mysore), Allergy Asthma Specialist Course (MedTrain), Senior Paediatrician and Allergy Asthma Specialist, Kiran Speciality Hospital, Hassan, Karnataka.
