Why is hysteroscopy recommended before a repeat IVF cycle?

Hysteroscopy is the gold standard for evaluating the uterine cavity before a repeat IVF cycle. It allows direct visualisation of the uterine lining and simultaneous correction of any abnormality found - polyps, fibroids, adhesions, or a uterine septum that could impair implantation. Many patients with recurrent IVF failure have a uterine finding on hysteroscopy that was not identified on ultrasound alone. Correcting these findings before the next cycle removes a potential barrier to successful implantation.