Does pollution worsen allergies and sinus problems?

Yes, pollutants can increase allergenicity of allergens many fold making symptoms more severe in urban environments.

What are the risks of untreated chronic sinusitis?

If left untreated, sinusitis can lead to chronic headaches, sleep disturbances, and even complications like orbital involvement.

How can parents help prevent ear infections in children?

Preventive measures include treating allergies and respiratory infections early. Also ear cleaning/wax removal should not be attempted at home as this may result in injury of the ear canal/ear drum which can lead to infections.

Can tonsillitis be treated without surgery?

Yes, tonsillitis is usually managed with antibiotics and/or home remedies, but recurrent cases, complicated infection or very large tonsils may require a tonsillectomy.

What is the connection between allergic rhinitis and asthma?

Allergic rhinitis increases the risk of developing asthma because both conditions involve airway inflammation. 40 percent of patients with allergic rhinitis also develop asthma.

Is adenoidectomy a safe procedure?

Yes, adenoidectomy is a common and safe procedure performed under general anesthesia, with minimal recovery time.

When is surgery needed for adenoid hypertrophy?

Surgery (adenoidectomy) is recommended when airway obstruction, recurrent infections, or sleep disturbances occur despite medical treatment.

How is adenoid hypertrophy diagnosed?

Dr. Arathi uses nasal endoscopy or X-rays to confirm the diagnosis.

What are the signs that a child has enlarged adenoids?

Symptoms include nasal congestion, snoring, mouth breathing, sleep disturbances, and frequent ear infections.

What is adenoid hypertrophy, and why does it occur in children?

Adenoid hypertrophy is the enlargement of the adenoids (lymphatic tissue at the back of the nose), commonly due to recurrent infections or allergies.

What is immunotherapy, and how does it work for allergies?

Immunotherapy gradually exposes the body to allergens in small doses to build tolerance and reduce symptoms over time. It can be given as allergy shots (SCIT) or sublingual drops (SLIT).

What is allergic rhinitis, and how is it different from a common cold?

Allergic rhinitis is an allergic reaction of the nose to substances like dust mites, pollen, pet dander etc. leading to sneezing, runny nose, itching and/or nose block. Unlike a cold, it is not caused by a virus and usually does not involve a fever or body aches.

What are the common triggers of allergic rhinitis?

Common allergens include dust mites, pollen, mold and pet dander. Symptoms can also be triggered by smoke, dust, aerosols and strong odours.

How is allergic rhinitis diagnosed?

Dr. Arathi diagnoses allergic rhinitis through a detailed medical history, physical examination, and allergy tests like skin prick testing.

Can allergic rhinitis be cured?

While allergic rhinitis cannot always be permanently cured, it can be effectively managed with avoidance measures, medications, and immunotherapy.

Dr Arathi Karat

Brain and Spine Surgeon

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